電(dian)(dian)動汽車充電(dian)(dian)樁漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)一般(ban)分為四種,分別為:半導體元件漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)、電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)、電(dian)(dian)容漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)和(he)濾波器漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)。
1、半導體原件漏電流
PN結(jie)在(zai)截上時流過(guo)的(de)(de)很(hen)微小(xiao)的(de)(de)電(dian)流。D-S正向(xiang)偏(pian)置(zhi),G-S反向(xiang)偏(pian)置(zhi),導電(dian)溝道打開(kai)后(hou),D到(dao)S才會有(you)電(dian)流流過(guo)。但(dan)實(shi)際上由于(yu)自(zi)由電(dian)子的(de)(de)存在(zai),自(zi)由電(dian)子的(de)(de)附著(zhu)在(zai)SIO2和N+、導致(zhi)D-S有(you)漏(lou)電(dian)流。
2、電源漏電流
開關(guan)電(dian)源中為(wei)了減少(shao)干(gan)擾,按照國標(biao)，必須設有(you)EMI濾波器(qi)電(dian)路。由于EMI電(dian)路的關(guan)系(xi),使得在(zai)開關(guan)電(dian)源在(zai)接上(shang)市(shi)電(dian)后對地有(you)一個微小的電(dian)流,這就是漏電(dian)流。如果不接地,計算(suan)機(ji)的外殼會(hui)對地帶有(you)110伏電(dian)壓(ya),用手摸(mo)會(hui)有(you)麻的感覺,同時(shi)對計算(suan)機(ji)工作也會(hui)造成影響(xiang)。
3、電容(rong)漏電流
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)介質(zhi)不(bu)可能(neng)(neng)**不(bu)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian);當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)加上直流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓時,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)會(hui)有漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)產生。若漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)太大(da)(da)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)就會(hui)發(fa)熱損(sun)壞。除電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)外(wai),其(qi)(qi)他電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)的(de)漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)是極小的(de),故(gu)用絕(jue)(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻參數來表示其(qi)(qi)絕(jue)(jue)緣性能(neng)(neng)，而電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)因漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)較(jiao)大(da)(da),故(gu)用漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)表示其(qi)(qi)絕(jue)(jue)緣性能(neng)(neng)(與(yu)容(rong)(rong)量成(cheng)正比)。對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)施(shi)加額(e)定直流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)工作電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓將觀察到(dao)(dao)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)變化開始很大(da)(da),隨(sui)著時間(jian)而下降,到(dao)(dao)某一(yi)終(zhong)值時達到(dao)(dao)較(jiao)穩定狀態這(zhe)一(yi)終(zhong)值電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)稱為漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)。 i=kcu(ua);其(qi)(qi)中k值為漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)常數 ,單(dan)位(wei)為μa(v:μf)
4、濾波器(qi)漏電流
電源濾(lv)波器(qi)漏(lou)(lou)電流(liu)定義為:在額定交流(liu)電壓下濾(lv)波器(qi)外殼到交流(liu)進線任意(yi)端的電流(liu)。如(ru)果濾(lv)波器(qi)的所有(you)端口(kou)與外殼之間(jian)是完全(quan)絕緣的,則(ze)漏(lou)(lou)電流(liu)的值主要(yao)取(qu)決(jue)于(yu)共模電容CY的漏(lou)(lou)電流(liu)，即主要(yao)取(qu)決(jue)于(yu)CY的容量。由于(yu)濾(lv)波器(qi)漏(lou)(lou)電流(liu)的大小(xiao),涉及到人身安全(quan),國際上各國對(dui)它都有(you)嚴(yan)格的標(biao)準規定,對(dui)于(yu)是220V/50Hz交流(liu)電網供電，一(yi)- -般(ban)要(yao)求噪聲濾(lv)波器(qi)的漏(lou)(lou)電流(liu)小(xiao)于(yu)1mA。
