根據現在(zai)(zai)市場上所用(yong)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)類(lei)型大(da)致可(ke)以分為：鉛酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，膠體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，鋅空電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)以及(ji)鉛晶(jing)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，不過(guo)現在(zai)(zai)大(da)量投入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車領域(yu)的還是密閉性鉛酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，不過(guo)由于(yu)(yu)膠體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)對溫(wen)度(du)的良好適應性，現在(zai)(zai)也開始廣泛應用(yong)于(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車領域(yu)。鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)也由于(yu)(yu)它的體積小(xiao)、較長的壽命以及(ji)靈活的充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方法也被廣大(da)用(yong)戶看好，只是高昂(ang)的售(shou)價讓很多客(ke)戶敬而遠之。一下是關于(yu)(yu)各種類(lei)型電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的技術特點。
一、鉛酸電(dian)池
其中(zhong)，以鉛(qian)酸蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)為數量*多。鉛(qian)酸蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價格(ge)，也*常用，中(zhong)國是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)全世界鉛(qian)酸蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生產國。其含污染的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)分(fen)比較(jiao)少，可回收性好。缺點是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)比容小。也就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)說，在(zai)(zai)同(tong)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)容量下，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)重量和(he)體積都(dou)大。目前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鉛(qian)酸蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)基本上(shang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)浮充(chong)類(lei)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)發展而(er)(er)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。浮充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)不適(shi)應(ying)快速充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，雖(sui)然技(ji)術人員的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)花費了(le)(le)大量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)血進行(xing)了(le)(le)卓有(you)成(cheng)效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)改進，可以進入(ru)實(shi)(shi)用了(le)(le)，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)其壽命還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)非(fei)(fei)常不理(li)想的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。膠(jiao)(jiao)體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)屬于鉛(qian)酸蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一種發展分(fen)類(lei)，*簡單的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)做法，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)硫酸中(zhong)添(tian)加(jia)膠(jiao)(jiao)凝(ning)劑，使硫酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)液變(bian)為膠(jiao)(jiao)態。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)液呈(cheng)膠(jiao)(jiao)態的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)通常稱之為膠(jiao)(jiao)體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。廣義而(er)(er)言，膠(jiao)(jiao)體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)與(yu)常規鉛(qian)酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區別不僅僅在(zai)(zai)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)液改為膠(jiao)(jiao)凝(ning)狀。例如(ru)非(fei)(fei)凝(ning)固(gu)態的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水性膠(jiao)(jiao)體，從電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化學分(fen)類(lei)結(jie)構和(he)特性看(kan)同(tong)屬膠(jiao)(jiao)體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。又(you)如(ru)在(zai)(zai)板柵中(zhong)結(jie)附(fu)高分(fen)子材(cai)料(liao)(liao)，俗稱陶瓷板柵，亦可視作膠(jiao)(jiao)體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用特色(se)。近期(qi)已有(you)實(shi)(shi)驗室在(zai)(zai)極板配(pei)方(fang)中(zhong)添(tian)加(jia)一種靶向偶(ou)聯劑，大大提高了(le)(le)極板活性物質的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反應(ying)利用率，據非(fei)(fei)公(gong)開資料(liao)(liao)表明(ming)可達到70wh/kg的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重量比能量水平，這些(xie)都(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現階段工業實(shi)(shi)踐及有(you)待工業化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)膠(jiao)(jiao)體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用范(fan)例。
膠體電池與常規鉛酸電池的(de)(de)區別，從*初理(li)解(jie)的(de)(de)電解(jie)質膠凝，進一步發展至電解(jie)質基礎結構的(de)(de)電化學特性(xing)研究，以及(ji)在板柵和活(huo)性(xing)物(wu)質中的(de)(de)應用推廣。其*重要(yao)的(de)(de)特點為(wei)：用較小的(de)(de)工業(ye)代價，沿已有(you)150年歷史的(de)(de)鉛酸電池工業(ye)路子制(zhi)造出更優(you)質的(de)(de)電池，其放電曲(qu)線平直(zhi)，拐點高，比(bi)能(neng)量特別是(shi)比(bi)功率(lv)要(yao)比(bi)常規鉛酸電池大(da)20%以上，壽命一般也比(bi)常規鉛酸電池長一倍左(zuo)右，高溫及(ji)低溫特性(xing)要(yao)好得(de)多。
二、鋰離子電池
鋰(li)離(li)子(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)比(bi)容要好(hao)于鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，對于同樣容量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)鉛酸蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)來說，鋰(li)離(li)子(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)重量(liang)相當于一臺筆(bi)記本(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦，這(zhe)(zhe)樣老弱婦(fu)孺就都可(ke)以使(shi)用(yong)了。其(qi)壽命也可(ke)以比(bi)鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)做得好(hao)。目(mu)前的(de)(de)(de)手機電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)基本(ben)上都是(shi)(shi)(shi)采用(yong)這(zhe)(zhe)種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)。鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)內阻相對比(bi)較大，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)自(zi)行車(che)上使(shi)用(yong)會出現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)即將完全放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)時候感覺車(che)的(de)(de)(de)動(dong)力不(bu)足。鋰(li)離(li)子(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)更主要的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題是(shi)(shi)(shi)在過(guo)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和過(guo)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)會發生爆炸(zha)，手機電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)都是(shi)(shi)(shi)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)單體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，再經過(guo)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路來配合(he)(he)使(shi)用(yong)，基本(ben)上杜絕了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)爆炸(zha)的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題。而在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)自(zi)行車(che)上使(shi)用(yong)，必須要使(shi)用(yong)串連電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)組(zu)，而串連電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)組(zu)的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)(de)復(fu)雜(za)程度遠遠超過(guo)單體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路，其(qi)材料成本(ben)也大大增加。目(mu)前一個良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)(de)成本(ben)接近電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)本(ben)身的(de)(de)(de)價(jia)格。而聚合(he)(he)物(wu)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)爆炸(zha)殺傷力低于鋰(li)離(li)子(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)，也存(cun)在著(zhu)爆炸(zha)和燃燒(shao)的(de)(de)(de)可(ke)能性(xing)。這(zhe)(zhe)也是(shi)(shi)(shi)與鋰(li)離(li)子(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)一樣需要解決問(wen)題的(de)(de)(de)。
三(san)、鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)
鎳(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)比(bi)容比(bi)鉛酸(suan)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)好(hao)很多，單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)壽命也比(bi)較好(hao)，其(qi)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)特性也比(bi)鉛酸(suan)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)好(hao)。問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)是(shi)(shi)(shi)鎳(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)串(chuan)連電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)組的(de)(de)(de)管理問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)比(bi)較多，一(yi)旦發生過(guo)(guo)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)以(yi)后(hou)，就會形成單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)隔板熔化的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)，導(dao)致整組電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)迅速失效。所以(yi)，國(guo)產的(de)(de)(de)鎳(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)關鍵技術問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)還(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)管理系統的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)，而這(zhe)個(ge)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)還(huan)沒有引起各個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)制(zhi)造商(shang)和車廠足(zu)夠的(de)(de)(de)重視(shi)。所以(yi)，鎳(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)發展收(shou)到很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)約。 鎳(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)鎳(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流特性比(bi)鎳(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)好(hao)，其(qi)抗過(guo)(guo)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)特性也比(bi)鎳(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)好(hao)，中(zhong)國(guo)又是(shi)(shi)(shi)世界上(shang)鎳(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)生產大(da)國(guo)。一(yi)些人(ren)提出(chu)鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)污染的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)，中(zhong)國(guo)現在(zai)還(huan)在(zai)大(da)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)向歐洲(zhou)出(chu)口鎳(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)及其(qi)應(ying)用產品，歐洲(zhou)到2006年(nian)才開始限制(zhi)。據中(zhong)央電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)視(shi)臺(tai)播放(fang)的(de)(de)(de)消息，神州(zhou)五號還(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)采用鎳(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)。這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)相對比(bi)較高的(de)(de)(de)可靠性的(de)(de)(de)優點使該品種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)還(huan)在(zai)應(ying)用與宇航設(she)備上(shang)。這(zhe)樣看(kan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動自(zi)行(xing)車方面過(guo)(guo)早的(de)(de)(de)使鎳(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)退出(chu)應(ying)用是(shi)(shi)(shi)否有一(yi)些過(guo)(guo)激？而鎳(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)成本和充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)(de)成本都明顯低于鎳(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，只要回收(shou)處(chu)理好(hao)了(le)，還(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)應(ying)該保留這(zhe)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)品種的(de)(de)(de)。
四、鉛晶蓄(xu)電池
高性能環保產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)新一代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)綠色能源，天地(di)之光鉛(qian)晶電(dian)池是國重點(dian)支持的(de)(de)(de)(de)***產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)，和傳(chuan)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)鉛(qian)酸(suan)電(dian)池相比較，除了具(ju)有(you)價格低廉，應(ying)用范(fan)圍廣(guang)泛外更因(yin)為其獨(du)特的(de)(de)(de)(de)配方和工(gong)藝使產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)有(you)了較大的(de)(de)(de)(de)突破，極高的(de)(de)(de)(de)性價比源自其可(ke)靠的(de)(de)(de)(de)內在質(zhi)量(liang)，由于充電(dian)后電(dian)池內的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)解(jie)液轉變成(cheng)為固體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)硅(gui)酸(suan)鹽(yan)，所以不可(ke)能存在液體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)泄漏，近千(qian)次的(de)(de)(de)(de)充放電(dian)保證了使用的(de)(de)(de)(de)需要，因(yin)此(ci)作為鉛(qian)酸(suan)電(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)(de)換(huan)代(dai)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)，有(you)著十分廣(guang)泛的(de)(de)(de)(de)市場。
鉛(qian)晶電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)應用(yong)的是專(zhuan)有(you)技(ji)術(shu)，產(chan)(chan)品(pin)所采(cai)用(yong)的高導(dao)硅酸(suan)鹽電(dian)(dian)解質是傳統鉛(qian)酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)解質的變革性改型，無酸(suan)霧內(nei)化成工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)是定型工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)的革新。這些技(ji)術(shu)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)均(jun)屬國(guo)內(nei)外首創，使(shi)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)在(zai)生產(chan)(chan)、使(shi)用(yong)及廢棄(qi)物中都不存在(zai)污染問(wen)題，更符(fu)合(he)環保要求。由于鉛(qian)晶電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)用(yong)硅酸(suan)鹽取代硫酸(suan)溶(rong)液作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)解質，從(cong)而(er)克服(fu)了(le)傳統鉛(qian)酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)壽命短，不能大電(dian)(dian)流充放點的一系列(lie)缺(que)點，更加符(fu)合(he)動(dong)力(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的必備條件。鉛(qian)晶電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)必將對(dui)動(dong)力(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)領域產(chan)(chan)生巨大的推動(dong)作(zuo)用(yong)。
五、鋅空電池
鋅(xin)空(kong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池以其(qi)(qi)比容大、污染小而著稱于世。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池采用(yong)(yong)(yong)換電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)方(fang)法，更(geng)(geng)新電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池鋅(xin)板(ban)(ban)。更(geng)(geng)換一(yi)次鋅(xin)板(ban)(ban)可以使用(yong)(yong)(yong)160公(gong)(gong)里到220公(gong)(gong)里。上(shang)海(hai)已經(jing)在全國率先垂范的(de)開展了(le)鋅(xin)空(kong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)自行車方(fang)面(mian)的(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)，在全市設立了(le)數十個換電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網點，開創(chuang)了(le)鋅(xin)空(kong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)自行車方(fang)面(mian)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)先河。其(qi)(qi)局限(xian)性是：暫時還(huan)無法在上(shang)海(hai)以外的(de)地方(fang)開展應用(yong)(yong)(yong)試驗，同時其(qi)(qi)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)成本(ben)也是鉛酸(suan)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)數倍。如果，再進一(yi)步擴(kuo)大其(qi)(qi)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)范圍，有進一(yi)步降(jiang)低使用(yong)(yong)(yong)成本(ben)的(de)可能性。
