電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)不僅為電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)的(de)(de)規(gui)模(mo)化推廣(guang)提供重(zhong)要的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)保障，還可以提高電(dian)(dian)力(li)系統(tong)運(yun)行調度的(de)(de)靈活(huo)性(xing)(xing)．對(dui)于電(dian)(dian)力(li)系統(tong)來說，智能(neng)(neng)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)可被視(shi)為一種充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)負(fu)荷。由(you)于電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)的(de)(de)運(yun)行規(gui)律具有較強的(de)(de)隨(sui)機(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)，如(ru)何建立能(neng)(neng)夠正(zheng)確(que)反(fan)映這(zhe)種隨(sui)機(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)，同(tong)時有效(xiao)實用的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)概率負(fu)荷模(mo)型是關(guan)注的(de)(de)重(zhong)點。
建立具有通用(yong)性(xing)的電動汽車充電站概率負荷模型(xing)需要(yao)全面細致地研究(jiu)建模過程中(zhong)的影(ying)響因素(su)，同時(shi)對于影(ying)響因素(su)的重(zhong)要(yao)性(xing)進行一定(ding)的篩選。綜合(he)討論(lun)電動車充電站建模中(zhong)涉(she)及的影(ying)響因素(su)。這些(xie)影(ying)響因素(su)涉(she)及了電力(li)系統(tong)運(yun)行、控制、管理的整(zheng)個過程，包(bao)括電動汽車的能源補給方(fang)式、運(yun)行規律、電池特性(xing)、充電控制方(fang)式，以(yi)及充電設施類型(xing)和(he)布局等方(fang)面。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)動車充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)可(ke)分(fen)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)池更換和(he)直(zhi)接(jie)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，其(qi)中直(zhi)接(jie)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)根據充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)率的(de)不同可(ke)分(fen)為常(chang)規充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)快速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)負荷不僅與充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)有關．而且受充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)用戶所處地(di)(di)理(li)(li)位(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)、出行(xing)特征影響(xiang)，按照(zhao)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)、地(di)(di)理(li)(li)位(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)、出行(xing)習慣將電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)分(fen)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)池更換站(zhan)(zhan)、居民區充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)、公共場所充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)三(san)類典型充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)。
