我(wo)們平時給充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，當蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)后我(wo)們就直接把(ba)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)線拔(ba)掉，其(qi)實(shi)這樣的(de)作法(fa)是完全錯誤的(de)。充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工作完成后，需要給充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)堵截充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流，否則蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)將(jiang)出現大(da)量出氣、失水(shui)和溫升等(deng)過(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)反應，這將(jiang)危及(ji)到蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)使用壽命(ming)。因此(ci)，隨時監測蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)情(qing)況是非常有必(bi)要的(de)，確保(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)能夠把(ba)電(dian)(dian)(dian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)足并且(qie)又不過(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。主要的(de)停充(chong)(chong)(chong)操(cao)控(kong)辦法(fa)有：
1、恒(heng)流充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)定(ding)時控制法，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)滿時，我(wo)們可以看電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的容量大小，根(gen)據電(dian)(dian)流大小來確認。這樣我(wo)們就(jiu)要(yao)先預(yu)定(ding)好充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)的時間(jian)，預(yu)定(ding)的充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時間(jian)一到，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)就(jiu)發布信(xin)號停充(chong)(chong)(chong)。定(ding)時器可由(you)時間(jian)繼電(dian)(dian)器充(chong)(chong)(chong)當，或許由(you)單片機(ji)承當其功用(yong)。這種辦法簡單，但充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時間(jian)不能(neng)依據電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)前狀況而自動調整(zheng)，因此實際充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時，可能(neng)會出(chu)現有時欠(qian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)、有時過充(chong)(chong)(chong)的表象(xiang)；
2、電(dian)池溫(wen)(wen)度操，正(zheng)常充電(dian)情況下，蓄電(dian)池的溫(wen)(wen)度變化并(bing)不(bu)明顯，當電(dian)池過充時(shi)，內部氣體(ti)壓(ya)力將快(kuai)速增大，負(fu)極板上(shang)(shang)氧化反(fan)響(xiang)使內部發熱，溫(wen)(wen)度快(kuai)速上(shang)(shang)升。因(yin)此，調(diao)查電(dian)池溫(wen)(wen)度的改變，即(ji)可判別(bie)電(dian)池是否(fou)現已充溢。通常選用兩(liang)只(zhi)熱敏電(dian)阻(zu)別(bie)離檢測(ce)電(dian)池溫(wen)(wen)度和環(huan)境(jing)溫(wen)(wen)度，當兩(liang)者溫(wen)(wen)差到達一定(ding)值時(shi)，即(ji)宣布停充信號。因(yin)為熱敏電(dian)阻(zu)動態(tai)響(xiang)應速度較(jiao)慢，故不(bu)能及(ji)時(shi)**地(di)檢測(ce)到電(dian)池的滿充狀況
3、電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)端電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)負(fu)增量(liang)一(yi)般而言，當電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)足電(dian)(dian)后，其端電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)將(jiang)呈現降低趨勢(shi)，據此(ci)(ci)可將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)出(chu)現負(fu)增長的時間作為停充(chong)時間。與(yu)(yu)溫(wen)度操(cao)控法比較(jiao)，這種(zhong)辦法呼應(ying)速度快，此(ci)(ci)外，電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的負(fu)增量(liang)與(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的**值無關(guan)，因此(ci)(ci)這種(zhong)停充(chong)操(cao)控辦法可適應(ying)具有不一(yi)樣單格(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)數的蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。此(ci)(ci)辦法的缺(que)陷是一(yi)般的檢測(ce)器靈(ling)敏度和(he)可靠性不高(gao)，同時，當環(huan)境溫(wen)度較(jiao)高(gao)時，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)足夠電(dian)(dian)后電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的減小并不顯著，因此(ci)(ci)難以操(cao)控；
4、使用極(ji)化(hua)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓操(cao)控通常情況下(xia)，蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)極(ji)化(hua)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓出現在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池剛好充(chong)滿(man)后(hou)，選用有關專利技(ji)術來(lai)(lai)測量每(mei)個(ge)(ge)單(dan)格(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)極(ji)化(hua)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，這樣就使每(mei)個(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池都(dou)可充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)到它(ta)自身所需(xu)求(qiu)的(de)(de)程度(du)。研討表(biao)明，因為每(mei)個(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池在(zai)幾何結構、化(hua)學性質及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)學特性等方面至少存在(zai)一(yi)些(xie)細(xi)微(wei)的(de)(de)不同(tong)，那么依據每(mei)個(ge)(ge)單(dan)格(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)特性來(lai)(lai)斷定(ding)它(ta)所需(xu)求(qiu)的(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)水平(ping)會比把(ba)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)作為一(yi)個(ge)(ge)整體來(lai)(lai)操(cao)控的(de)(de)辦(ban)法(fa)更(geng)加適宜一(yi)些(xie)。
