電(dian)動汽(qi)車充電(dian)樁是推動電(dian)動汽(qi)車進入市場的(de)不(bu)可(ke)缺少的(de)助(zhu)力。在充電(dian)樁推廣并建(jian)設的(de)過(guo)程中(zhong)，我們需(xu)要(yao)了解充電(dian)樁的(de)基本構造(zao)，在了解的(de)基礎上不(bu)斷發展充電(dian)樁的(de)應(ying)用功能和便(bian)捷措(cuo)施(shi)。
1、蓄力電池
充(chong)電機(ji)(ji)沒有與(yu)動(dong)力蓄電池總成建立連(lian)接時，充(chong)電機(ji)(ji)經過自檢后(hou)自動(dong)初始化為常規(gui)控制充(chong)電方式(shi)（可選擇手動(dong)、IC卡或充(chong)電機(ji)(ji)監控系統(tong)操作方式(shi)）。充(chong)電機(ji)(ji)采用手動(dong)操作時，應具有明確(que)的操作指導信息(xi)。
充(chong)電(dian)機與動(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)蓄電(dian)池總成(cheng)建立連接(jie)后，通(tong)(tong)過通(tong)(tong)信獲得動(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)蓄電(dian)池總成(cheng)的充(chong)電(dian)信息，自動(dong)(dong)(dong)初(chu)始(shi)化為動(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)蓄電(dian)池總成(cheng)ECU自動(dong)(dong)(dong)控制方式（簡稱自動(dong)(dong)(dong)控制充(chong)電(dian)方式）。
2、充電機接口
充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車之間(jian)的(de)連(lian)(lian)接應包括(kuo)以下幾(ji)部分：高壓充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路、充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)控制導引線、充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)控制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源線、充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)監控通(tong)信連(lian)(lian)接線、接地保護線。同(tong)時(shi)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機應預(yu)留(liu)與充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站監控系統連(lian)(lian)接的(de)通(tong)信接口(kou)。
3、充電機通信要求
在(zai)這方面一般通(tong)過(guo)CAN總(zong)(zong)線以及CAN2.0協(xie)議作(zuo)為充電機的通(tong)信(xin)總(zong)(zong)線形式和通(tong)信(xin)協(xie)議。
4、通(tong)信內容包括
動力(li)蓄(xu)電池單體(ti)、模塊和總成的相關技術參數(shu)，充電過(guo)程中(zhong)電池的狀態(tai)參數(shu)，充電機工作(zuo)狀態(tai)參數(shu)，車輛基本信息等。
5、充(chong)(chong)電機的充(chong)(chong)電效率和功率因數
交(jiao)流(liu)輸(shu)入隔離(li)型AC-DC充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機的(de)(de)輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓為(wei)(wei)額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)50%～100%，并(bing)且輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)為(wei)(wei)額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)時，功率因數應大(da)于(yu)0.85，效率應大(da)于(yu)等(deng)于(yu)90%。直(zhi)流(liu)輸(shu)入非隔離(li)型DC-DC充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機的(de)(de)效率待定(ding)。
充(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)可廣泛應用(yong)于公共(gong)停(ting)車(che)(che)場、大型購物(wu)中心、社會車(che)(che)庫等區域，為電(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車(che)(che)提供安全、快速、便捷的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)服(fu)務(wu)。家(jia)用(yong)的簡(jian)易充(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)功能(neng)也并不(bu)少于公共(gong)用(yong)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)，使用(yong)便捷，可與智能(neng)家(jia)居系統(tong)形成(cheng)(cheng)系統(tong)集成(cheng)(cheng)，可實時監(jian)控充(chong)電(dian)(dian)狀態(tai)。
